It ensures effective transmission of data over the networks by translation IP Addresses into different forms. One example can be when data is sent from a private network over the internet; in this case it is essential to translate the IP Addresses to enable both networks to work on common grounds.
NAT service is generally configured on computers or routers. In this way, it is ensured that the routers know the IP Addresses of the destination devices in the correct format. Nowadays, it is common for many devices inside the same network to have the same external address, from example the address of the router they are connected to, it becomes difficult to discriminate between the devices. In this regard, the Port Address Translation service has been developed.
The main purpose of this service is to assign different port numbers to the devices in on network. This will ensure that the data packets get to their exact destination. PAT is generally configured on routers, but can also work on other devices as well. Whenever a data packet passes through the device using PAT, the destination address on the data packet is changed and it is assigned a particular port number. In this way, the data packets will reach the exact port where their destination is.
This is possible because the PAT device consists of a table where it stores the actual address of each computer in correspondence to its assigned port number. The basic purpose of a VLAN is to make sure that there is no physical restriction on the connection of layer 2 switches. These networks hold the ability to span different switches without having any physical restriction.
It also adds an extra layer of security by separating the physical networks from the logical ones. In this process, these networks make use of special links between these switches to carry the VLAN.
These special links are referred to as Trunks and the process is known as Trunking. VLAN trunking offers a cheap and reliable way to manage load of virtual network connections. There are basically two types of devices in a network, depending on the complexity and size of the network. The devices might me managed or they may be unmanaged. Unmanaged Devices are those devices which do not require any special configuration on part of the user. These devices are basically used in networks which are extremely simple and small.
Under these conditions, the devices such as routers or switches are able to configure themselves on their own.
These devices are referred to as unmanaged devices. However, this means that users generally do not have much control over the unmanaged devices. Managed Devices are those devices in which the settings are configured manually by the users. These are used for networks which are complex are quite large. There provide great control over the LAN traffic and also allow the users to control many other features. This means that you are able to configure and make a lot of changes on managed devices according to your convenience.
In addition to this, the access to these devices can also be restricted which proves to be more secure. Full Duplex: A Duplex is generally a direct communication between two devices. Full Duplex is a two-way communication process in which you can send and receive messages at the same time. This simultaneous sending and receiving of messages allow the conversation to be interactive.
Full Duplex is a widely used method for communication. You can relate to it using the example of a telephone, where two-way traffic is flowing during the conversation. Half Duplex: Half Duplex is quite different from a Full Duplex in the way that messages can be either sent or received in this communication.
This means that, while you are sending a message you cannot receive it until your message has been sent. This is not an effective form of communication and is not used in the modern day. Port Speeds: It is not untrue that different switches in a network are able to work at varying speeds. This quick reference describes 10 commands you'll need to rely on when handling various configuration and troubleshooting tasks. It may seem entirely too obvious that you should know how to type?
However, the Cisco IOS is completely different from other operating systems when it comes to using the question mark help key.
As the IOS is a command-line operating system with thousands of possible commands and parameters, using the? You can use the command in many ways. First, use it when you don't know what command to type.
The show interfaces command presents all the available interfaces that can be configured on your Cisco device.
An enable mode command that saves the active config, type? I'm trying to use some packet tracer labs I found on the interweb to refresh my skills, replacing the startup config when a Cisco network device initializes.
For example, and bring myself back up to a rough state of being. The basic CLI commands for all of them are the same, which simplifies Cisco device management. This document is Cisco Public. Related articles. If the show vlan and show interface switchport commands are not available, the show mac address-table command can also help identify the access VLAN. A list of download links to 19 of these labs is about half way down this page. For documentation about basic router configuration from Cisco, visit their page.
This first lab covers basic Cisco router network configuration. I will walk you through all of the commands to accomplish each objective of this lab. Before we get started, I will explain how to configure routers in the Packet Tracer lab environment. The way this lab has been setup resembles how you would configure a router in actuality.
You must use the PC to open a terminal console session to the router in order to configure it via the command line interface CLI. This is the PC that has a console light blue cable connected to the router that will be configured. Your prompt will show the router name followed by a greater than sign. Remember that pressing the enter key will tell the router to execute the command you have typed.
The router name is now followed by a pound symbol to show this. This will save you lots off typing although it is not always necessary to have each word in a command completely spelled out. HINT: Use the question mark? It will show you which of all the available commands are for the command mode you are in.
You can use it after typing a few letters of a word or after one or two words of a command. The no shutdown command enables an interface commznds it up. A trunk is a point-to-point link between two switches or between a switch and a router.
As such, or you can use some of the options associated with the show running-config command:, the commands available to each privilege level can be defined? An interface mode command that manually sets the speed to the specified value or negotiates it automatically! Hide Comments. Through the CLI? However, you will be better off knowing the commands necessary to configure common features such as host names, IP addresses, access control lists, routing protocols, and so on.
Even more important is the skill to know which show command to use to view certain information on the device. In this article, we will discuss five 5 common Cisco IOS show commands. To make this article as practical as possible, we will run through a troubleshooting scenario together, using the show commands as we go along, and fixing the issues we find.
Imagine that you are a freelancer and you have just gotten a project to troubleshoot a network made up of Cisco IOS devices as shown below:. The only information you have been given is the IP address table below, which shows how the network should be configured:. Advanced Linux Commands. Here is a Cisco commands cheat sheet that describes the basic commands for configuring, securing and troubleshooting Cisco swktch devices.
A configuration mode command to establish a static translation between an inside local address and an inside global address. Everything seems to be fine on R3. To toggle it on a specific interface. Becoming proficient with the Cisco IOS means learning some essential commands.
This quick reference describes 10 commands you'll need to rely on when handling various configuration and troubleshooting tasks. It may seem entirely too obvious that you should know how to type? However, the Cisco IOS is completely different from other operating systems when it comes to using the question mark help key.
As the IOS is a command-line operating system with thousands of possible commands and parameters, using the? You can use the command in many ways. First, use it when you don't know what command to type. The show interfaces command presents all the available interfaces that can be configured on your Cisco device. An enable mode command that saves the active config, type? I'm trying to use some packet tracer labs I found on the interweb to refresh my skills, replacing the startup config when a Cisco network device initializes.
For example, and bring myself back up to a rough state of being. The basic CLI commands for all of them are the same, which simplifies Cisco device management.
0コメント